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Personal Health Disciplines
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 Chapter: Lifestyle, Health Behavior and Decision Making
Add 8 pp. Berkowitz, “The Case for Bottling Up Rage”
There are at least two psychological views on the therapeutic value and behavioral effects of expressing anger. First, for the ‘‘ventilationists’’ such as the Freudians, expressing anger promotes heath and ultimately reduces aggression. Second, the behaviorists like Berkowitz believe that experimental evidence confirms the opposing hypothesis. Rewarding angry behavior actually cues more anger, not less. Furthermore, expressing ‘‘any’’ emotion impulsively in therapy may actually transfer quite inappropriately to life outside the clinic.
Add 5 pp. Farley, “Taking Risks & Seeking Stimuulation” (Contemporary)
Researcher Frank Farley reports his answer to the question of why some people seemingly have an inherent need to take risks. He argues that the ‘‘Type T Personality’’ is a stable personality characteristic that is usually inherited from one’s parents but can be modified by life experiences.

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